Factors affecting teachers implementation of curriculum. Though focus is on the latter, the resulting information will equally apply to developed countries as well. The present paper will discuss the role of teachers in curriculum development for teacher education. Pdf curriculum implementation challenges encountered by. This means that curriculum implementation is that stage of the curriculum process where the learner through the guide of a teacher interacts with learning activities so as to maximize learning as will be noticed in the learners new bahaviournew approach to issues.
With their knowledge, experience and competencies, teachers are central to. Teachers without doubt, the most important person in the curriculum implementation process is the teacher. This will enable the teachers to be aware of and to ensure developmentally appropriate practice. Ornstein and hunkins 1998 note that curriculum implementation focuses on the processes and practices through which a curriculum is implemented. Still others view curriculum in a manner that is more refined than all classroom occurrences and broader than content. Current situation 5220 ecd centers in zimbabwe 95% of total number of primary schools have ecd ecd curriculum developed in 1986 currently being revised ecd program was under the ministry of community development and womens affairs until fairly recently the curriculum spells out the importance of ecd services. For example, a typical 5year cycle is illustrated in exhibit 10. Roles and responsibilities of teachers and teacher assistants. They make a number of decisions with respect to the implementation of any given curriculum and to reach these decisions, they need to take into account the learning abilities of their students, the curriculum documents, resources available and their own strengths. The role of teachers in the curriculum process is to help students develop an engaged relationship with the content. Early childhood development ecd and educatedness in an.
Curriculum design, development and assessment are central to teaching and. It may require teaching skills that the teacher has not mastered and learning materials that the students cannot read. Curriculuminuse the formal curriculum written or overt comprises those things in textbooks, and content and concepts in the district curriculum guides. In mozambique, for instance, it is widely held that students poor academic performance is caused by shortcomings in. Early childhood development ecd and educatedness in an afro zimbabwean context the role of philosophy of hunhu ubuntu the preceding notwithstanding, it needs to be submitted that ecd like education in general should be informed by a relevant philosophy if it is to satisfactorily perform the function of meaningfully defining. Inclusive education in zimbabwe inclusive education in zimbabwe. Factors affecting teachers curriculum implementation. Literature has documented the importance of problem solving, ecologically relevant education, project based. The purpose of this study was to investigate the curriculum development role of teachers as key agents in curriculum change. The roles and responsibilities set out below incorporate schedules 2 and 3 of the. Teacher education south africa, the netherlands government zimbabwe office. Analysis of rural primary schools experiences in murewa. It may be difficult, but try to meet occasionally with other teachers to discuss. The role of teachers in implementing curriculum changes.
The curriculuminuse is the actual curriculum that is delivered and presented by each teacher. The periphery at the level of the school or groups of schools within an area designs or adapts materials, and conducts staff development and teacher training, both of which are carried out as close to the classroom as possible. Curriculum managers and administrators school principals one of. Ebscohost serves thousands of libraries with premium essays, articles and other content including factors affecting teachers curriculum implementation. Curriculum change requires inschool management teams, principals and boards of management to lead the implementation of change in the school as an organisation. Schools evaluate their curricula to ensure they are continuing to meet students needs.
This paper provides a discussion of the factors that. Any antithetical way may well be the way to curriculum imbalance, wasted work effort, personal unhappiness, and human. Curriculum change requires in school management teams, principals and boards of management to lead the implementation of change in the school as an organisation. The curriculum council should also select teacher representation for curriculum devel opment. Effective curriculum change and implementation requires time, personal interaction, in service training, and. Recommendations during the implementation phase5859 5. School teachers in bulawayo metropolitan province, zimbabwe. This paper is intended to assist teachers and teacher.
Teachers build lessons that include simulations, experiments, case studies and activities to deliver curriculum. The model created a new role for mentors in teacher education as students are out on teaching practice for most of their training period. Much work was done by this and subsequent joint committees, including plans for a brochure, research projects, and problem. A study was carried out to examine the role of the mentor in teacher education in zimbabwe. In this sense, then, curriculum evalua tion should be concerned with assessing both merit and worth. Implementation is an interaction between those who have created the programme and those who are charged to deliver it. It is logical to put learning targets requiring lower level skills before those requiring higher level skills, for example, teaching the children to draw lines before teaching them to write. Teachers know their students better than others involved in the curriculum process. Obstacles to the curriculum implementation are identified, including the nature of official curriculum documents, teacher content knowledge, the nature of the topic, differences between teachers beliefs and the underlying ideology of the proposed curriculum, learner and. This paper therefore, seeks to describe and analyse teaching and. Curriculum studies, volume 2, number 1, 1994 the teachers role in curriculum development. This story is intended to inform those planning similar changes in other countries, and provide a. Further impetus for teacher participation in curriculum development comes from recent reports on the state of american schools.
The central aim of this study was to investigatethe role of principals in the implementation of polytechnic curriculum effectiveness strategy pcs in zimbabwe. Role of teacher in curriculum development implementation and. What are the roles of teachers in curriculum implementation. Mcgee 1997 believes that teachers are key curriculum decision makers. It is normal to discuss curriculum matters, and especially curriculum implementation, without considering the complexities concerned. Possible reasons for this marginalisation are expressed, however, the argument that physical education is an imperative in the holistic development of the child, is also espoused. An alternative approach miriam benperetz haifa university teacher participation in the curriculum planning process is considered essential, whether it be in the definition of problems or the presentation of concrete solutions in the form of programs of studies. Parental involvement in curriculum implementation as. Nnadozie 2004 defines curriculum implementation as the execution of relevant curriculum and teaching tasks within and outside the school setting.
Roles and responsibilities teaching service page 2 overview the roles and responsibilities that can be expected of employees at the various classification levels, including the principal class, are set out below. Factors affecting teachers implementation of curriculum reforms and educational policies the process of implementation is problematic. The role of teachers in implementing curriculum changes david thompson department of computer science and software engineering university of canterbury christchurch, new zealand dr. The project was set up by the assessment reform group in september 2003 to consider evidence from research and practice about the summative.
Teachers perceptions on the implementation of the new. Pdf the study sought to investigate curriculum issues, teaching and learning for sustainable development in secondary schools in zimbabwe. Teaching and learning for sustainable development in developing countries. Therefore, the role of teachers of young children, in ensuring developmentally appropriate practices in early childhood education curriculum implementation requires that teachers take into account the developmental needs of children and also recognize the practices that make up the total play and learning. The joint committee met for the first time june 5, 1995. Roles and responsibilities of teachers and teacher.
Curriculum development and change poses a range of challenges with regard to curriculum role teachers are to play when such a change takes place. Teachers encounter various problems in trying to implement curriculum reforms and educational policies in schools. With your download, get the 37 best papers relevant to this one, including 17 top related papers. Roles and responsibilities teaching service page 4 learning specialists learning specialists will be highly skilled classroom practitioners who continue to spend the majority of their time in the classroom delivering highquality teaching and learning and have a. This paper therefore, seeks to describe and analyse teaching and learning for sustainable development in developing countries, with zimbabwe as an example. Roles and responsibilities of teachers and teacher assistants education assistants. Chapter 10 curriculum development and implementation. However curriculum is defined, it has three important. The study used the qualitative methodology and the case study. Because unsuccessful implementation of the curriculum becomes the root of the educational problem is the teacher. A bctfcupe joint paper context bctf and cupe bc recognize that teachers and teacher assistants play a key role in programs for students with special needs. The importance of teachers in curriculum evaluation synonym.
This story is intended to inform those planning similar changes in other countries, and provide a context for the next steps in nz. The purpose of this paper therefore is to examine the role of teachers of young children in ensuring developmentally appropriate practice in early childhood education curriculum implementation. The paper deals with three major elements in the process of change. Implementation is purposeful to the extent that the process is supposed to change education according to some policy objectives. Projects to assist members in dealing with classroom issues. Mutepfa and others published inclusive education in zimbabwe. Mar 02, 2015 teachers role in planning the curriculum. The head is a key player in curriculum implementation. Curriculum is content, but when contextualized, it comes alive for students.
Pdf the primary concerns of the study reported on were to. The paper examines the concept of curriculum, the concept of curriculum implementation, curriculum implementation and the effective teacher, challenges of the teacher as a curriculum implementer which. The purpose of this paper is to provide an outline for the teacher of the change process and to examine specifically the teachers role as a tvei change agent. She argues that implementation is the manner in which the teacher selects and mixes the various aspects of. They select and decide what to teach from the prescribed syllabus or curriculum. Curriculum managers and administrators school principals one of their functions is being a curriculum manager. A teacher must have a comprehensive understanding of the content in the curriculum and must be familiar with the methodologies to. Since implementation takes place through the interaction of the learner and the planned learning opportunities, the role and influence of the teacher in the process is indisputable university of zimbabwe, 1995. Active learning will increase the focus and retention of the curriculum, resulting in an exciting learning environment. The role of teachers in the assessment of learning this pamphlet results from the assessment systems for the future project,funded by the nuffield foundation. Effective curriculum change and implementation requires time, personal interaction, inservice training, and. The curriculum council should also select teacher representation for curriculum devel. A teacher has a central role in the development of the curriculum. An evaluation of curriculum implementation in primary schools.
The evaluation process encompasses several areas, including student understanding of main concepts, mastery of. The teachers role as an implementer is very crucial. A very important part of curriculum implementation is that the teacher should consider carefully the order in which learning targets should be learnt. The purpose of this study was to investigate the curriculum development role of. The head plays a very significant role with regards to teacher support during the implementation of a new curriculum at school level. Thus the teacher, aware of the important role that the. While the state often dictates the skills covered by the curriculum, a teacher can provide insight into the types of materials, activities and specific skills that need to be included.
The role of teachers of young children in ensuring. Essay about curriculum implementation 49 words cram. A nation at risk9 calls for increased standards of excellence in american schools, and the carnegie report, a nation preparec, explores in greater depth the crucial role. Policy, curriculum, practice, family, and teacher education issues find, read and cite all the. Curriculum leadership and development handbook provides 10 key indicators that can be used to measure the effectiveness of a developed curriculum.